Figure 1 shows a single porous electrode for a lithium secondary battery, and its equivalent circuit is shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 shows the

1 Principle AC impedance is an electrochemical method to obtain the resistance, capacitance and inductance by detecting the current response under AC voltage. As shown

In constant potential intermittent titration (Pitt), a constant voltage is applied at each potential step to test the change of current, and then the diffusion

The galvanostatic intermittent titration method (GITT) is a galvanostatic method. During the charging and discharging process, a constant current is applied for each step step,

The galvanostatic method is to obtain the performance characteristics of the Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery by testing the voltage change with time under the condition

Open circuit voltage The open circuit voltage is the voltage measurement when the battery is in equilibrium and there is no potential difference between the

Using active materials to fabricate the negative and positive electrodes of lithium batteries, aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) metal foil current collectors must be covered

Nowadays, the formation of SEI films on the anode-electrolyte surface has been extensively studied, while the research on the cathode-electrolyte interfacial reaction is seldom studied.

One disadvantage of commercial graphite is the limited capacity (theoretical capacity of 372 mAh/g) prior to LiC6 formation. A lithium battery with a metal oxide

Interfacial reaction of graphite (carbon material) Similar to the SEI film formed by the reductive decomposition reaction of the organic solvent and lithium salt on